eastern europe population

As shown in the map most of Eastern Europe’s population remains in the coastal areas or the surrounding areas as it provides a way of trade, travel ,and commerce. (Please note that the map below is not normed to the whole world, but rather to the population of the United Kingdom before applying certain adjustments, so most countries score below 100.) EASTERN EUROPE 1945-1956: Population Shifts; The Cold War and Stalinization; the Balkans; Poland and Hungary in 1956; Czechoslovakia 1968. In monetary policy the differences are based on the eurozone: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovakia, Slovenia use the common currency. Czech Republic. In some media, "Central Europe" can thus partially overlap with "Eastern Europe" of the Cold War Era. The contribution to cover the finances for common needs is declared, the principle of just tax burden-sharing is supplemented sometimes with special aspects. Historians, until the 20th century, focused on master-serf economic and labor relations, portraying the serfs as slave-like, passive, and isolated. by 2050 Eastern Europe's population growth is. The country’s Jewish population has grown in recent years due to immigration by Jews from Eastern Europe. Much of the landscape is forested. [21] Another definition was used during the 40 years of Cold War between 1947 and 1989, and was more or less synonymous with the terms Eastern Bloc and Warsaw Pact. [citation needed] Next, the Soviets and their agents took control of the mass media, especially radio, as well as the education system. In the German reunification, the Federal Republic of Germany peacefully absorbed the German Democratic Republic in 1990. country in Eastern Europe with lowest population density. In some media, "Southeast Europe" can thus partially overlap with "Eastern Europe" of the Cold War Era. The majority of Jews in prewar Europe resided in eastern Europe. Fertility Rate: (Total Fertility Rate, or TFR), it is expressed as children per woman. a.negative b. positive c. stable. Emancipation meant that the ex-serfs paid for their freedom by with annual cash payments to their former masters for decades. During the Ostsiedlung, towns founded under Magdeburg rights became centers of economic development and scattered German settlements were founded all over Eastern Europe. This list of European countries by population comprises the 51 countries and 6 territories … Poles and Germans. This parameter provides an indication of age distribution. Russia, located in Eastern Europe, is both the largest and most populous country of Europe; spanning roughly 40% of the continent's total landmass, with over 15% of its total population. Slavs. By contrast, the Eastern Roman Empire (mostly labelled as the Byzantine Empire by subsequent historians) managed to survive and even to thrive for another 1,000 years. For example, a person with IQ 82 (the value of Albania in the map below), … Russia ended its participation in the First World War in March 1918 and lost territory, as the Baltic countries and Poland became independent. For forecasted years, the U.N. medium-fertility variant is used. Some of them can sometimes, albeit rarely, be characterized as belonging to Southern Europe,[3] and some may also be included in Central Europe. [1] A related United Nations paper adds that "every assessment of spatial identities is essentially a social and cultural construct".[2]. There are approximately 1,957,200 Latvians within the country’s 24,938 square miles’ territory. [56], In the case of fiscal policy, the legislative, the executive and other state organs (Budget Council, Economic and Social Council) define and manage the budgeting. [citation needed] For a while, cooperative non-Communist parties were tolerated. Elaboration of data by United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. The Eastern Europe Population (Live) counter shows a continuously updated estimate of the current population of Eastern Europe delivered by Worldometer's RTS algorithm, which processes data collected from the United Nations Population Division. Eastern Europe is expected to lose significant portions of its population in the coming decades. The new states were unable to form stable military alliances, and one by one were too weak to stand up against Nazi Germany or the Soviet Union, which took them over between 1938 and 1945. The local currency exchange rate to the U.S. dollar shows that drastic interventions were not necessary. [citation needed] Their goal was to guarantee long-term working-class solidarity.[54][55]. The study projected that the combined population of 10 eastern European countries would fall from 292 million then to 218 million in 2100, while during the same period the population … Rank within Europe: Position held by Eastern Europe in the list of all regions within Europe ranked by population (from the highest population to the lowest population) as of July 1 of the year indicated. The region stretches from the Arctic in the north to the Crimea in the south, and from the Baltic Sea in the west to the Ural Mountains in the east. The largest Jewish communities in this area were in Poland, with about 3,000,000 Jews (9.5%); the European part of the Soviet Union, with 2,525,000 (3.4%); and Romania, with 756,000 (4.2%). The continent is currently growing at a rate of 0.3%. A similar definition names the formerly communist European states outside the Soviet Union as Eastern Europe. [3][4] Another definition was created during the Cold War and used more or less synonymously with the term Eastern Bloc. 293,702,191. [56], Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}50°N 30°E / 50°N 30°E / 50; 30, World War II and the onset of the Cold War. predicted to be negative. Eastern Europe Population (total); Countries in Eastern Europe: Russia; Ukraine; Poland; Romania; Czechia; Hungary; Belarus The region came under Ottoman rule in the sixteenth century up until 1829. The following countries are labelled Central European by some commentators, though others still consider them to be Eastern European.[30][31][32]. In 1991, COMECON, the Warsaw Pact, and the Soviet Union were dissolved. It resembled slavery in terms of lack of freedom, however the landowners could not buy and sell serfs, who are permanently attached to specific plots of land. This cultural and linguistic division was eventually reinforced by the later political east–west division of the Roman Empire. When NATO was created in 1949, most countries of Eastern Europe became members of the opposing Warsaw Pact, forming a geopolitical concept that became known as the Eastern Bloc. The rise of the Frankish Empire in the west, and in particular the Great Schism that formally divided Eastern and Western Christianity in 1054, heightened the cultural and religious distinctiveness between Eastern and Western Europe. 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 2055 2060 2065 2070 2075 2080 2085 2090 2095 2100 220,170,508 Population. All the countries in Eastern Europe adopted communist modes of control. In 2050, Eastern Europe's population growth is predicted to be _____. Countries in Eastern Europe dominate the list of … Once part of the former Soviet Union, the countries of eastern Europe are now independent republics. [13][14] The Eastern Orthodox Church has played a prominent role in the history and culture of Eastern and Southeastern Europe.[15]. Czechoslovakia peacefully separated into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993. [citation needed]. ETHNIC CLEANSING AND POPULATION EXCHANGE IN EASTERN EUROPE AT THE END OF AND AFTER WORLD WAR II. [3][9][10], Several definitions of Eastern Europe exist today but they often lack precision, are too general, or are outdated. UNESCO,[24] EuroVoc, National Geographic Society, Committee for International Cooperation in National Research in Demography, and the STW Thesaurus for Economics place the Baltic states in Northern Europe, whereas the CIA World Factbook places the region in Eastern Europe with a strong assimilation to Northern Europe. Of these, those in italics are classified as Central and Eastern Europe in this source.[23]. Many of the countries were still largely rural, with little industry and only a few urban centres. E.g. They confiscated and redistributed farmland. [1] A related United Nations paper adds that "every assessment of spatial identities is essentially a social and cultural construct". Europe is the third most populous continent behind Asia and Africa. Yugoslavia and Albania had their own Communist regimes. The East–West Schism (which began in the 11th century and lasts into the present) divided Christianity in Europe (and consequently the world) into Western Christianity and Eastern Christianity. The world’s population is increasing, with the United Nations projecting that it may grow from 7.7 billion people in 2019 to 9.7 billion in 2050. By 2000 these economies were stabilized, and between 2004 and 2013 all of them joined the European Union. The Western Roman Empire collapsed in the 5th century, marking the start of the Early Middle Ages. Wolchik, Sharon L. and Jane L. Curry, eds. As the Roman domain expanded, a cultural and linguistic division appeared. The region fell to Soviet control and Communist governments were imposed. ", Gorshkov, Boris B. Some countries in Southeast Europe can be considered part of Eastern Europe. In central Europe, the working-age population of the four Visegrad states will fall by 12 percent by 2040, twice as fast as the EU average, vastly outpacing the levels seen in western Europe. The Oxford Classical Dictionary by Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth. Eastern Europe’s looming demographic crisis stems directly from its escaping the Soviet orbit in 1989. It has also been described as a "fuzzy" term, as the idea itself of Eastern Europe is in constant redefinition. These countries were officially independent of the Soviet Union, but the practical extent of this independence – except in Yugoslavia, Albania, and to some extent Romania – was quite limited. Most of the constitutions define directly or indirectly the economic system of the countries parallel to the democratic transition of the 1990s: free-market economy (sometimes complemented with the socially [and ecologically] oriented sector), economic development, or only economic rights are included as a ground for the economy. Many were killed in the Holocaust, and others moved to Israel or elsewhere. Austria and Hungary had much-reduced boundaries. Due to this religious cleavage, Eastern Orthodox countries are often associated with Eastern Europe. Eastern Europe - 1950. New countries included Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Ukraine (which was soon absorbed by the Soviet Union), Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia. In the last century, Eastern Europe has suffered the most dramatic population decline in recent history. The new states included sizeable ethnic minorities, which were to be protected according to the League of Nations minority protection regime. [48] The climax came in the 17th and 18th century. DellaPergola estimates that there were 3.4 million Jews in the European portions of the Soviet Union as of 1939. 1. Eastern Europe is the region of the European continent between Western Europe and Asia. There is no consistent definition of the precise area it covers, partly because the term has a wide range of geopolitical, geographical, ethnic, cultural, and socioeconomic connotations. Since the Great Schism of 1054, Europe has been divided between Roman Catholic and Protestant churches in the West, and the Eastern Orthodox Christian (many times incorrectly labelled "Greek Orthodox") churches in the east. Eastern Europe includes the following countries: Belarus. All three states participate in the Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations: Some European republics of the former Soviet Union are considered a part of Eastern Europe: The term "Central Europe" is often used by historians to designate states formerly belonging to the Holy Roman Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the western portion of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. [53] Regions where Germans had formed the local population majority were re-settled with Polish- and Czech-speakers, forming new Slavic dialects. [2], One definition describes Eastern Europe as a cultural entity: the region lying in Europe with the main characteristics consisting of Slavic, Greek, Byzantine, Eastern Orthodox, and some Ottoman cultural influences. A surge of ethnic nationalism created a series of new states in Eastern Europe, validated by the Versailles Treaty of 1919. Croatia. This trend is partially accentuated in regions that will experience the heftiest declines, such as Eastern Europe. Boris B. Gorshkov, "Serfdom: Eastern Europe" in Peter Stearns, ed., David Moon, "Reassessing Russian Serfdom. Instead, they participated in the Molotov Plan, which later evolved into the Comecon (Council for Mutual Economic Assistance). Eastern Europe is the region of the European continent between Western Europe and Asia. [41] Parts of the Balkans and some more northern areas were ruled by the Achaemenid Persians as well, including Thrace, Paeonia, Macedon, and most of the Black Sea coastal regions of Romania, Ukraine, and Russia. The system emerged in the 14th and 15th century, the same time it was declining in Western Europe. Russia. [4], Historians and social scientists generally view such definitions as outdated or relegated. Even seven and a half decades after WWII ended, Jews are still a rarity in Eastern Europe. Armour points out that Cyrillic-alphabet use is not a strict determinant for Eastern Europe, where from Croatia to Poland and everywhere in between, the Latin alphabet is used. In Eastern Europe, a once large and vibrant Jewish population has nearly disappeared. Migrants (net): The average annual number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants over the preceding five year period (running from July 1 to June 30 of the initial and final years), or subsequent five year period (for 2016 data). [46] During the late-sixteenth and early-seventeenth centuries, Eastern Europe enjoyed a relatively high standard of living. ", Publications Office of the European Union, Committee for International Cooperation in National Research in Demography, Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations, Comecon (Council for Mutual Economic Assistance), List of political parties in Eastern Europe, Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation, "United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)-Geographic Regions", "Regions, Regionalism, Eastern Europe by Steven Cassedy", "Population Division, DESA, United Nations: World Population Ageing 1950-2050", "The concept of "Eastern Europe" in past and present", https://www.pewforum.org/2017/05/10/religious-belief-and-national-belonging-in-central-and-eastern-europe/, "The History of Georgian Orthodox Church", "Atlas of the Historical Geography of the Holy Land", "Vodič kroz svet Vizantije (Guide to the Byzantine World)", "United Nations Regional Eastern European Group", "A List of Countries That Make up the Balkan Peninsula", "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency", Energy Statistics for the U.S. Government, "Borders in Central Europe: From Conflict to Cooperation", "Macroeconomic Legal Trends in the EU11 Countries", https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960777317000224, Mental Maps: The Cognitive Mapping of the Continent as an Object of Research of European History, Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin, Interview with historian Larry Wolff on "Inventing Eastern Europe", Emerging Europe - A new narrative for the region, Sovereign states and dependencies of Europe, autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark, Sovereign states and dependent territories, Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO), North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA), Customs Union of Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Russia (CUBKR), List of countries where Arabic is an official language, Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests, Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows, Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine–oak forests, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Europe&oldid=1016239383, Articles with dead external links from June 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2021, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Donert, Celia, Emily Greble, and Jessica Wardhaugh. [27][28] However, Georgia is currently the only Caucasus nation actively seeking NATO and EU membership. Tax revenues expose typically 15–19 % of the GDP, and rates above 20% only rarely can be found. Division of Crimea (permanent population, monthly data 2014) Cities & towns (1146 KB) City districts; All places: 1989, 2001 census (present population) All places: 1989, 2001 census (permanent population) Ethnic composition of Kiev: 1919 city census (in Russian) Ethnic composition: 2001 census (4450 KB) Linguistic composition: 2001 census [citation needed] The communists had a natural reservoir of popularity in that they had destroyed Hitler and the Nazi invaders. Bulgaria. According to the Center for Educational Technologies at Wheeling Jesuit University, there are "almost as many definitions of Eastern Europe as there are scholars of the region". In contrast, the western territories largely adopted the Latin language. The overall population of Europe is set to drop from roughly 590 million to 542 million by 2050. The global population is expected to balloon to nearly 10 billion people by 2050, with Africa’s population doubling in that time and five of the world’s six inhabited continents growing significantly. Peter John, Local Governance in Western Europe, University of Manchester, 2001, V. Martynov, The End of East-West Division But Not the End of History, UN Chronicle, 2000 (, CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (. Nearly all became democratic in the 1920s, but all of them (except Czechoslovakia and Finland) gave up democracy during the depression years of the 1930s, in favour of autocratic, strong-man or single-party states. The ageing of Europe’s population is also expected to dramatically affect the continent’s social, political, and financial future. Population growth in Eastern Europe. the country of Yugoslavia split into: - Bosnia and Herzegovina - Croatia - … The Caucasus nations of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia[26] are included in definitions or histories of Eastern Europe. [citation needed], The conquest of the Byzantine Empire, centre of the Eastern Orthodox Church, by the Ottoman Empire in the 15th century, and the gradual fragmentation of the Holy Roman Empire (which had replaced the Frankish empire) led to a change of the importance of Roman Catholic/Protestant vs. Eastern Orthodox concept in Europe. Urban Population: Population living in areas classified as urban according to the criteria used by each country. World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision. For all other years: average annual numerical change over the preceding five year period.

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